Glycerin is an emollient, lubricant and highly hygroscopic substance, i.e. it has the ability to absorb water from other sources (from the environment or from the dermis) and to increase the moisture levels in the surface layers of the skin. Another important feature is that its composition is identical to the substance naturally present in our skin. It is widely used by cosmetologists in cosmetics and personal hygiene products (e.g. soaps). In moisturizing formulations, glycerin concentrates the necessary amount of moisture in the skin so that it maintains the balance, homeostasis of the skin and prevents dryness and peeling. In addition, it “fills” the intercellular space (the gaps between cells), enhancing the skin’s natural protection mechanisms. In fact, recent studies have shown that its presence in the intercellular space contributes to the better functioning of other skin lipids present there.
Citric acid is a weak organic tricarboxylic acid. It is very widespread in the plant kingdom, especially in lemons and other citrus fruits, kiwi, strawberries and many other fruits. It is an excellent natural preservative and is also used as an acidity regulator and flavouring agent.
Panthenol is a powerful emollient ingredient with a strong moisturizing effect. It is used in moisturizing, protecting and repairing products for skin, hair, and nails. It is classified as an ultra-safe ingredient.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine is used as a very mild amphoteric surfactant in skin and hair cleansing products such as shampoos, shower gels, liquid soaps, etc. It is used as a foaming enhancer, which, is creamier, richer and stable in time. It contains 30% active substance. Also in cleansers it enhances the viscosity of the formula by acting as a thickening agent and finally, it reduces irritation caused by anionic surfactants.
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